JavaScript Arithmetic

JavaScript provides a variety of arithmetic operators to perform mathematical calculations. This guide will cover the basic arithmetic operators, their usage, and examples to help you understand how to use them in your JavaScript code.

1. Arithmetic Operators Overview:

Arithmetic operators in JavaScript are used to perform calculations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and more. Here is a list of the basic arithmetic operators:

Operator	Description	Example	Result
+	Addition	5 + 3	8
-	Subtraction	5 - 3	2
*	Multiplication	5 * 3	15
/	Division	6 / 3	2
%	Modulus (Remainder)	5 % 3	2
++	Increment (adds 1)	let a = 1; a++	2
--	Decrement (subtracts 1)	let a = 1; a--	0

2. Addition (+):

The addition operator adds two numbers together.

Example:

let a = 5;
let b = 3;
let sum = a + b; // sum is 8
console.log(sum); // Outputs: 8

String Concatenation:

When used with strings, the + operator concatenates them.

let firstName = "John";
let lastName = "Doe";
let fullName = firstName + " " + lastName; // "John Doe"
console.log(fullName); // Outputs: John Doe

3. Subtraction (-):

The subtraction operator subtracts one number from another.

Example:

let a = 10;
let b = 4;
let difference = a – b; // difference is 6
console.log(difference); // Outputs: 6

4. Multiplication (*):

The multiplication operator multiplies two numbers.

Example:

let a = 6;
let b = 7;
let product = a * b; // product is 42
console.log(product); // Outputs: 42

5. Division (/):

The division operator divides one number by another.

Example:

let a = 15;
let b = 3;
let quotient = a / b; // quotient is 5
console.log(quotient); // Outputs: 5

6. Modulus (%):

The modulus operator returns the remainder of a division operation.

Example:

let a = 10;
let b = 3;
let remainder = a % b; // remainder is 1
console.log(remainder); // Outputs: 1

7. Increment (++):

The increment operator increases a number by one.

Example:

let count = 0;
count++; // count is now 1
console.log(count); // Outputs: 1

let x = 5;
let y = ++x; // y is 6, x is 6
console.log(x); // Outputs: 6
console.log(y); // Outputs: 6

let a = 5;
let b = a++; // b is 5, a is 6
console.log(a); // Outputs: 6
console.log(b); // Outputs: 5

8. Decrement (–):

The decrement operator decreases a number by one.

Example:

let count = 10;
count--; // count is now 9
console.log(count); // Outputs: 9

let x = 5;
let y = --x; // y is 4, x is 4
console.log(x); // Outputs: 4
console.log(y); // Outputs: 4

let a = 5;
let b = a--; // b is 5, a is 4
console.log(a); // Outputs: 4
console.log(b); // Outputs: 5

9. Combined Usage:

You can combine multiple arithmetic operators in a single expression to perform complex calculations.

Example:

let a = 10;
let b = 5;
let c = 2;
let result = a + b * c - a / b; // result is 18
console.log(result); // Outputs: 18

Conclusion:

Arithmetic operators are essential for performing mathematical operations in JavaScript. Understanding how to use these operators effectively will help you write more robust and efficient code. By mastering addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulus, increment, and decrement operators, you can perform a wide range of calculations and data manipulations in your JavaScript programs.